Struct and Enum

15 Jun, 2024

struct and enum are alike but use differently, a struct is used when you want to group things together and an enum when you have choices and will likely select one at a time.

Use struct when you want one thing and another thing. Use enum when you want one thing or another thing.

struct

Short form for Structure are created with the keyword struct and by convention named with UpperCamelCase words.

There are 3 types of struct:

• Unit struct, they are without a body(unit meaning doesn't have anything)

struct FileDirectory;

• Tuple or Unnamed struct, it is unnamed because you don't have to add field names, you only need to add the types inside a tuple.
  • They good for when you want a simple struct and care less about the field names.
  • Each property can be accesses as in a tuple as well. .0, .1

struct ColorRGB(u8,u8,u8);

fn main(){
	let my_color = ColorRGB(205,298,100);
	println!("I prefer the shade {}", my_color.1)
}

• Named struct, the popular struct. field names separated by commas are defined in a code block.

struct Country{
    population: u32,
    capital: String,
    leader_name: String,
}

Enum

enum are created with the enum keyword and choices are made with double colon(::) followed by the name of the variant.

enum Gender{
    Male,
    Female,
    Others,
}

struct Person {
    name: String,
    age: i8,
    gender: Gender,
}

fn main(){
    let adetunji = Person{   					 
        name: String::from("Adetunji"),
	age: 29,
	gender: Gender::Male,
    };
    println!("{}", adetunji.name)
}

#note #rust